ABSTRACT
A mathematical model of the coronavirus COVID-2019 epidemic in Azerbaijan is proposed. Analysis of the proposed mathematical model shows that the dynamic behavior of the epidemic is quite sensitive to parameters (rate constant of stages), which reflect different measures against the epidemic. This fact suggests that the lifting of all restrictive measures can aggravate the situation with COVID-19 in the republic and one should not expect the complete disappearance of the Covid-19 coronavirus in Azerbaijan.Copyright © 2023 Ministry of Health. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The article provides information about a study conducted to investigate the efficacy of doxophylline in post-COVID respiratory syndrome. The study was conducted on an outpatient basis at the Educational and Therapeutic Clinic of the Azerbaijan Medical University for 3 months in 2021-2022. The study included 47 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia (PCR or rapid antigen test) and X-ray 4-12 weeks before the examination. In addition to general instrumental examinations, the intensity of cough was determined in patients - a questionnaire for assessing the severity of cough (Zhan W.), a modified dyspnea scale of the Medical Research Council and spirometry (FEV1 -ANHT1, EF, Tiffno index) examination. In accordance with the purpose of the work, post-COVID respiratory syndrome was confirmed in patients based on anamnestic-questionnaire scales and a spirometric examination performed at the beginning of treatment. After examination, all patients were prescribed doxofillin (Puroxan) 400 mg 2 times a day for 2 weeks. And for some patients who did not have a positive clinical and/or spirometric result, treatment was extended up to 8 weeks. During the study, all patients taking doxophylline showed a significant decrease in the intensity of cough and improvement in respiratory parameters. In conclusion, it can be considered appropriate to administer doxofylline at a dose of 400 mg to patients to improve respiratory parameters in post-COVID respiratory syndrome.Copyright © 2023 Ministry of Health. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The article examines the application of e-commerce systems and technologies that have a positive impact on the development of the economy of the post-coronavirus period and the formation of appropriate technical and technological infrastructure for it, as well as promising features and directions of e-commerce. The physical and virtual opportunities created by e-commerce technologies for buyers and sellers are explained. The advantages of e-commerce in the international economic space have been identified. The functions of e-business models in accordance with the commercial stages of enterprises are explained. It was noted that the development of ICT has accelerated the process of transition from traditional commerce to e-commerce, led to the emergence of new global trends in e-commerce. These innovations have raised the issue of the application of modern ICT in the development of e-commerce on the platform of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Taking into account these factors, the presented article discusses the application of modern technologies in e-commerce systems, such as 3D modeling, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data. Features of application and regulation mechanisms of E-commerce systems in real economic sectors, which have a direct stimulating effect on economic growth in Azerbaijan, have been studied. Recommendations were given for the modernization and use of e-commerce systems with the application of the latest ICT technologies.The purpose of the research. The main goal of the scientific research carried out in the article was to develop the scientific-methodological basis for the regulation of the application of e-commerce systems and the study of perspective development problems in the so-called post-coronavirus period after 2020. In the article, attention was paid to the problems of regulation of the application of e-commerce systems and the development of recommendations on increasing the efficiency of prospective development directions.Taking into account the characteristics of the relevant electronic business models, applying them in accordance with the commercial stages of the enterprises' activities and obtaining effective results were among the main goals. Attempts have been made to implement e-commerce systems based on the developing technologies of the Industry 4.0 platform. An attempt was made to solve the issue of using modern ICT in the development of trade processes, which corresponds to the 4.0 Industrial revolution platform. The main stages of application of modern technologies such as 3D modeling, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and Big Data in electronic commerce systems are described.The following are included among the goals of the conducted scientific research: investigation of the application features and regulation mechanisms of e-commerce systems that have a stimulating effect on the economic development of Azerbaijan in real economic sectors, development of recommendations on increasing the efficiency of electronic commerce systems using modern ICT technologies, etc.Research methods used. In the post-coronavirus period, the following research methods were used in the study of the problems of regulation of the application of e-commerce systems and prospective development directions and in the development of their scientific and methodological bases: a systematic analysis, correlation, and regression analysis, mathematical and econometric modeling methods, expert evaluation method, measurement theory, algorithmization, ICT tools, and technologies, etc.Achievements of the author. Achievements of the author. In the so-called post-coronavirus period after 2020, a special approach was taken to the application of e-commerce systems and technologies, which have a positive impact on the development of the economy as an innovative element, and to the study of its prospective development features and directions. By providing scientific support to ensure the effective formation of the digital economy and its sustainability, the researcher offered relev nt recommendations to achieve the solution to some of the goals set before the country. It should be noted that the development of e-commerce systems based on technologies relevant to the Industry 4.0 platform can give a serious impetus to the development of the sustainability of the digital economy.Due to the fact that e-commerce technologies create new additional physical and virtual opportunities for buyers and sellers, the scientific-methodological approaches proposed by the author develop them as a special tool for ensuring the stability of both e-commerce systems and the digital economy in general. The proposals presented will lead to more effective results for the economy to be more cyber resilient through the application of e-commerce systems in the so-called post-coronavirus era. The researcher showed that the effective application of electronic business models in the activities of enterprises can help to achieve effective results. In the development of e-commerce, solutions to the issues of application of 4.0 Industrial technologies such as 3D modeling, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and Big Data can be considered as a contribution to the investigation of solutions to existing problems in economic development. For this reason, the means and mechanisms proposed by the author for solving the problems of regulation of the application of e-commerce systems in the post-coronavirus era can be considered one of the main ways to ensure the stability and development of the digital economy.
ABSTRACT
For almost two years, the world has been battling a global trouble- the COVID-19 pandemic. The disease, which has spread to about 225 countries around the world, has devastated the healthcare system of even the most developed countries. Governments have found the only way out is to impose a strict quarantine regime and state of emergency. Scientists immediately began testing the vaccine. Vaccination would still be the only savior of the planet's inhabitants.Because many of these pandemic infections have exactly been prevented thanks to vaccines in the past. Although the reduction in the number of infections after strict quarantine measures allowed the restrictions to be eased, the next wave was starting soon. This made it necessary the preparation of the vaccine as soon as possible. At the end of last year, the expected news came. Thus, in December 2020, the vaccination process has been launched in a number of countries. Azerbaijan is also one of the first countries to join the vaccination. The vaccination process, which began on January 18, 2021 continues, provided that 4 types of vaccines are available to the population. As a result of vaccination, the epidemiological situation in Azerbaijan is under control, as in many countries. In this article has been attempted to find a correlation between vaccination and COVID-19-confirmed cases and deaths. For this purpose, the k-means cluster-based machine learning method has been used in the Azerbaijan data collection obtained from the GitHub repository of the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. This research can benefit governments, stakeholders, and relevant institutions in the health care sector in monitor the vaccination process and more detally assess the epidemiological situation , and make important decisions to control and manage the spread of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Some symptoms, such as fatigue and muscle pain remain in patients with COVID-19 after the acute phase of the disease. This reduces the quality of life of these patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pain intensity and quality of life after discharge from hospital. Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted in 1400 on 96 patients with COVID-19 with complaints of pain in Khoy city. The samples were randomly assigned to control and experiment groups. The intervention was in the form of training muscle relaxation exercises. Data were collected using pain intensity and quality of life questionnaires. Multivariate analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the data in SPSS-26 software. Results: The results showed that pain intensity scores, interference in daily activities in both groups had a decreasing trend and quality of life improvement in both groups had an increasing trend. The effect size for progressive muscle relaxation in reducing pain intensity was 0.65, reducing pain interference in daily activities was 0.71, and quality of life improvement was 0.78, indicating the average effect size of muscle relaxation for all the three components. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that muscle relaxation exercises reduce pain intensity and improve quality of life in patients with COVID-19. Itis suggested that these exercises be used as a complementary method to reduce pain intensity and improve the quality of life of patients.
ABSTRACT
Despite their importance Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Azerbaijan and in other developed and developing countries suffer from limited access to financing due to high costs of small-scale lending, information asymmetry, high risks attributed to SMEs and collateral requirements. Thus, the lack of SME access to finance is to the large extent the consequence of weaknesses in enabling environment for finance. Shortfall in enabling environment becomes major constraint for economic growth and diversification and/or causes regionally-unbalanced growth. These deficiencies motivate government to make policy interventions toward SME financing expansion. Largely interventions come in form of credit guarantee schemes (CGS), direct lending facilities and lending by state-owned financial institutions. In turn, partial credit guarantee schemes are considered as most market friendly intervention type. There are also notable examples when countries like South Korea employed PCG as countercyclical policy tool to face difficulties came from economic downturn. The diverse and resilient SME sector is the center piece of the Azerbaijan government's strategic agenda to diversify the economy away from oil. Credit Guarantee Schemes were introduced in Azerbaijan as a measure of Government to make financing accessible for SMEs and to reduce effect of negative impact of two recent major events: the drop in worldwide oil prices and COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this paper is to review characteristics of Credit Guarantee Schemes and assess preliminary outcomes of Partial Credit Guarantee mechanism implementation in Azerbaijan. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue fever as a mosquito-borne disease, has rapidly spread due to climate change, globalization, and human behavior. Iran is prone to dengue fever, as its vector recently has been found in the country. This study aimed to assess predictors of dengue preventive practices based on Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) factors in West Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on 405 health professionals of communicable disease sector who were interested in study participation. Data-gathering instrument was an online researcher-made questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics (11 items), questions based on PAPM, and dengue preventive practices (85 items). Content validity and reliability of the instrument, content validity ratio, content validity index, and Cronbach a were utilized, respectively. Descriptive, analytical, and regression analysis using SPSS and STATA were examined. Results: Regression analysis revealed that awareness of appropriate actions for dengue prevention was a stronger predictor of preventive practice in borderline and appropriate categories (ß= 4.09, p< 0.001) and (ß= 4.42, p< 0.001), re - spectively. Among factors of PAPM, beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty in borderline (ß= 1.04, p= 0.04) and appropriate (ß= 1.12, p= 0.03) groups had direct and significant relation with dengue preventive practice. Conclusion: The highest mean score of beliefs about hazard likelihood and severity factor was related to dengue prevention. Therefore, theory-based interventions that address beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty can lead to assistance in acting. To improve dengue preventive practices, a well-designed promotive intervention that addresses associated factors in a context-specific manner is essential.
ABSTRACT
During the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in 2020, the strict quarantine regime limited access to medical facilities for people at high risk of infection, including people with tuberculosis (TB). This has led to a decrease in TB detection and treatment in many countries, including Azerbaijan, and has made it difficult to monitor patients undergoing treatment. The aim: assessment of the main epidemiological indicators for tuberculosis in Azerbaijan for 2020. Material(s) and Method(s): the main statistical data of TB morbidity and mortality in Azerbaijan for the 2020 year analyzed and compared with previous years' data. Result(s): The total TB morbidity decreased from 39.4 to 25.3 per 100000 of the population in the interim 2016-2020. The percentage of the men patients every year was 2 times higher than the percentage of women. The number of primary TB patients at the same period of time changed from 3793 to 2558 (bacteriologically confirmed cases 1660 and 1331 respectively), including reduced incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis from 833 to 604. The TB incidence in children and adolescents is also decreased from 12.8 to 8.1 per 100000 of the population in the interim 2016-2020. It should be noted that the sharp decline in indicators occurred in 2020, that is, during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the mortality did not significantly change - 4.6 per 100000 of the population in 2016 and 4.3 in 2020. Conclusion(s): The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a false improvement in TB incidence rates with a stable TB mortality rate, which indicates the seriousness of the problem of detection and monitoring of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Health systems built based on primary health care are fundamental to succeeding universal health coverage. Well-organised primary healthcare services can play a basic role in improving population health as well as the well-being of the population. Although significant improvements in the health outcomes of the global population during the era of the Millennium Development Goals, nearly half of the population cannot access the health services, they need. Health is central to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as it relates to many of the Sustainable Development Goals and is the specific focus of Goal 3. Outbreaks of global pandemics or emergencies like COVID-19 are the biggest challenges to the 'resilience' of primary care systems. Therefore, countries need to establish a regular system of facility assessments to provide objective measures for evaluating the health services' availability, readiness, quality, including measures to evaluate preparedness and response capacities. Barbara Starfield was the first author to explore the context of primary care organisation (PCO). She mentioned that organisation of primary care includes four main primary care domains: first-contact care, comprehensiveness, continuity, and coordination. In 2008 Hogg et al., proposed that the conceptual framework for PCO consists of structural and performance domains and this domain classification influenced new authors on the subject until today. The structural domain includes three components;the health care system, the practice context and the organisation of the practice;and the performance domain includes two components;healthcare service delivery and technical quality of clinical care. According to Kringos et al., the structure of primary care consists of three dimensions: primary care governance, financing of primary care and primary care workforce development. They determined the primary care process by four dimensions: accessibility of primary care, comprehensiveness of primary care;continuity of primary care;and coordination of primary care. Senn et al., proposed a consolidated framework, which is particularly beneficial for primary care organisations designing and implementing well-defined monitoring activities. With the addition socio-cultural, economic and biological contexts, the framework became multidimensional and in-depth. Inclusion of needs and outcomes of patients and the population has the potential to cover the productivity of the given organisation. Strong primary care requires well-developed organisational planning between levels of care. Primary care-oriented health systems are required to effectively handle the unmet health needs of the population. An efficient primary care organisation is very important for achieving a primary care-oriented health system. In this keynote, PCO's key aspects and benchmarks will be explored based on previously mentioned frameworks and domains. As an example of health systems in transition, Turkey and Azerbaijan are reforming their health systems, including primary care services. Turkey has completed the implementation of several interventions in the structural component of primary care, however, there is still room for development in the process components. Azerbaijan has established a state health insurance scheme and set up family health centres as primary care facilities serving a defined population. However, serious structural reforms are still needed for a functional primary care service accessible to the whole nation. This keynote will also cover more information on recent primary care reforms in both countries. The frameworks provided above will serve as tools for analysing primary care in these countries.
ABSTRACT
Aims: To study the impact of quarantine during COVID19 pandemic on admission of patients with myocardial infarction to the intensive cardiac care unit of Research Institute of Cardiology Methods and Results: We conducted a single-centre,observational survey to collect data on admissions for acute myocardial infarction(AMI) at ICCU RIC during strict quarantine in April-May 2020,in Baku,Azerbaijan,compared with April-May 2019. We observe 10% reduction in admission rate for AMII patients admitted at intensive cardiac care unit in April-May 2020 in comparison to April- May 2019. We observed significant 40% reduction in admissions for AMI in April 2020 compared with April 2019, it also turned out to be the lowest number of intensive cardiac care unit admissions for AMI among all months of the last 5 years. Fatality cases of patients admitted in April-May 2020, was 70% higher than in the equivalent period of 2019. The month of May, following the month of April 2020, had the mortality rate of 26.6% among acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit, and it was the highest mortality rate among all months in the last 5 years. During the April 2020, the first month of strict quarantine, in 86,6% < 13 out of 15>of AMI patients admitted to ICCU used narcotic analgesics to relieve pain. In May, narcotic analgesics for pain relief were used in 36.6% or in 11 out of 30 patients.86,6%, the percentage of patients with AMI who received narcotic analgesics for pain relief in April 2020 was the highest among 15 months, from April 2019 to June 2020.<see table 2>. (Table Presented).
ABSTRACT
Since oil plays an important role in the economy of Azerbaijan, the events in the global oil market deeply affect the national economy. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the economy of Azerbaijan, in which oil and gas have a significant place. In April 2020, the price of one barrel of oil on the world market fell to $1. One reason for this was the decrease in oil demand due to the lockdown regime implemented by many countries due to the rapid outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and another reason was that the OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) countries could not agree on reducing oil production. The aim of this research is to show the impacts of oil prices on gross domestic product (GDP) of Azerbaijan, the growth rate of GDP, and the amount of oil production in Azerbaijan in 2009-2018. The hypothesis of the research is that oil prices seriously influence the economy of Azerbaijan and there is a correlation between the growth rate of Azerbaijan's gross domestic product and the oil prices. The study starts with a brief description of the history of Azerbaijan's oil industry, followed by oil industry's importance in the economy of Azerbaijan, the role in foreign economic relations, and the effects on the economy of country. The quantitative method was used as a key research method. The data used in the analysis of this study were collected according to the literature scanning method, which is one of the data collection techniques. Further, descriptive statistics technique, which is a quantitative data analysis technique, was used to analyse the data. The findings show that the changes in oil prices in 2009-2018 directly affect the Azerbaijan's gross domestic product, the growth rate of GDP, and the amount of oil production in Azerbaijan. Thus, as oil prices increase, the growth rate of the country's gross domestic product and GDP increase and decrease as oil prices decrease. © Sarkhanov T. Text. 2022.
ABSTRACT
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the most infectious diseases in the world. In this study, we intended to examine the epidemiology of tuberculosis by MIRU-VNTR to define the changes that occur in the transmission of tuberculosis in the region during the COVID-19 era. A total of 120 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were collected from sputum samples of patients referred to East Azerbaijan Center TB from December 2020 to August 2021. Demographic information such as age, sex, place of birth, previous TB history, and relevant medical data was collected. The proportion method was performed for drug susceptibility testing, and the PCR-based MIRU-VNTR method was applied to identify molecular epidemiology relationships. Result(s): The isolates were collected from 78 male (65%) and 39 female (32.5%) Iranian patients and 3 (2.5%) Azerbaijani patients. Ninety-three distinct patterns were identified including 15 clustered patterns and 36 unique patterns. The largest cluster was composed of seven isolates. Furthermore, one cluster with 5 members, four clusters with 3 members, and nine clusters with 2 members. In MIRU-VNTR typing, 75 clusters belonged to the Tabriz region and just 3 to the Republic of Azerbaijan. All isolates were sensitive to rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol. Conclusion(s): Results of the current study showed COVID-19 pandemic had a direct effect on the transmission and diagnosis of tuberculosis. Less diagnosis and less clustering can indicate public controls and hygiene, and the use of masks had a direct effect on the transmission and diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, misidentification and less focus on other respiratory infections are expected during the pandemic. Studies on the co-infection of COVID-19 and tuberculosis and the role of mask and sanitization against TB are strongly recommended. Copyright © 2023, The Author(s).
ABSTRACT
The article investigates ways to increase the efficiency and activity of the investment climate in Azerbaijan, which is striving to strengthen an independent economic development model. Using common methods of economics, the problems and prospects of investment climate efficiency have been analyzed. To diversify the country’s economy, reduce dependence on oil and develop the non-oil sector, the importance of eliminating barriers to intensive investment has been substantiated. International experience is addressed to form the investment climate and then interpret the current situation in Azerbaijan. The topic of developing and implementing more productive mechanisms to attract foreign investment, the development and evaluation of strategic approaches for investment activity and the improvement of the efficiency of the investment climate have been focused on. Considering the short-and long-term perspectives and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, recommendations as well as potential obstacles to the implementation of more effective investment mechanisms have been generalized. © 2022, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
SESSION TITLE: Outcomes in Pneumonia and NTM SESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Original Inv PRESENTED ON: 10/17/2022 12:15 pm - 1:15 pm PURPOSE: The number of patients with respiratory symptoms who underwent computed tomography (CT) for suspected COVID-19 pneumonia is high. In this study, we decided to investigate the incidental non-COVID 19 related pulmonary findings due to a large number of CT scans. METHODS: It was retrospective study in Funda Hospital of Heath Ministry of Azerbaijan, Baku city and the number of enrolled patients to the study was 2567 from 1st of October 2020 to 10 30 th of March 2021.In all patients the positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19 were confirmed.Depending on COVID-19 viral pneumonia findings in lung there were two groups :1) 1589 patients with non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia;2) 978 pateins with COVID-19 viral pneumonia RESULTS: In our study CT screening for COVID-19 viral pneumonia has detected typical viral pneumonia in 38.1%(978 of 2567) patients and in 61.9%(1689 of 2567 ) was not found CT abnormalities accordingly COVID-19 viral pneumonia.Among typical CT suggested COVID19 viral pneumonia patients the incidental pulmonary findings were found in 197(20,15%) cases, was significantly common compared to non- CT suggested viral pneumonia (OR 5.34 [0.94-12.57]95%CI;p<0.001).Common CT incidental pulmonary finding was solitary pulmonary nodule (56[28.43%] vs 21[29.58%];p<0.01) and further histopathological evaluation has detected lung cancer(primary and metastatic) in 19 patients(24.68%). Bronchectasis (commonly small size syctic and tubular bronchectasis) which was also commonest in patients with viral pneumonia (OR 2.78[0.75-6.43]95%CI;p<0.004). Emphysema was found in 69(2.69%) and was common in patients with pulmonary viral manifestation(p<0.01).Lung tuberculosis with further histological and mycobacterial confirmation was as incidentally finding in 49 cases (1.87%)( focal changes, lung inflitrate,cavitation) and commonly was found in patients with CT suggested viral pneumonia (OR 2.11[0.69-5.86]95%CI;p=0.006).Pulmonary sarcoidosis was found totally in 38(1.48%) and was common in patients with viral pneumonia (p<0.01).Idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) with typical features of usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP) was found in 31(1,21%) patients and was commonly in male with smoking history and older age (>60 years).Common risk factors for incidental pulmonary findings were:male gender(p<0.01);tobacco smoke (p<0.01);older age(p<001);previous history of lung tuberculosis(p<0.05) comorbidities such as DM and autoimmune disorders(p<0.01) CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for COVID-19 related viral pneumonia and incidental pulmonary findings in CT scan are similar and so incidental pulmonary findings are common in CT screening for COVID-19 related viral pnemonia.Incidental pulmonary abnormalities were not associated with increased risk for ICU admission and mortality of patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians in paracitce with COVID-19 patients,for pulmonologists,radiologists, respiratory educators, thoracic oncologists DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Alizamin Sadigov
ABSTRACT
Hepworth Construction, a consultancy organisation for Oil and Gas project management offices, identified a decision-making problem in the project office environments and the field because of continued erroneous decisions and the processes used. Erroneous decisions led to poor project performances that impacted projects cost, time, and resource allocation. The research intervention aimed to develop a shared mental decision model to improve project performances and decision-making processes in both the project office and the field and influence critical and conscientious thinking. Moreover, a successful decision model could lead to speeding up project maturity processes and reducing project risk.The research methodology used was a qualitative, thematic analysis approach that used an action research focus using colleague participants from two action learning sets. One learning set was based in Azerbaijan the other learning set was established in Iraq. The individual sets attended cycle events using an online platform to participate and interact. Each set attended three separate action cycle events. Before the action cycle events, seven initial interviews were conducted online to develop concepts that focused on decision models. Further interview cycles were performed to authenticate action cycle data and identify new theories relating to the discussed concepts. Data was analysed between action cycles that informed the next cycle event. The data was processed using NVivo for open and thematic coding, identifying the main categories, and capturing memos and annotations. Thematic diagrams were also used to determine the linkages and relationships between critical concepts and add meaning to the theories (see Appendix K) (Corbin & Strauss, 2015). Axial coding was the output from the thematic diagrams that presented the six selected themes and interpreted them into actionable knowledge.The findings were espoused through the learning sets participant's reflections crossing three action cycles. Each learning cycle progressed with new insights and evolved the main categories. The transcribed and analysed data led to discovering the selected themes and interpretation of actionable knowledge. The selected theme findings: situation, conscience, experience, listening, confidence, and sensemaking were interpreted into actionable knowledge and the shared mental model framework and the critical components: situation, experience, priorities, prompts, proposed action, and sensemaking. The mental model framework influences practical approaches to decision-making, which logically justifies decisions. The organisation accepted the research in January 2021, and the framework was implemented in the project office and field. The research implications were the successful methodology used and drawing on participants responses and the interview data that enriched the action cycles and influenced the success and co-development of the mental model framework. Furthermore, the practical consequences of the research were the outbreak of COVID-19 forcing an online study. However, the online study approach evolved to a diverse opportunity using two learning set locations and selected interviewees worldwide. Future practice organisational change should consider a similar approach using insider empowered participants. And future research might focus on a mental model implementation's complexity, a shift of mind towards system thinking, or how organisational learning bridges both vision and system acceptance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
2020-ci ilin evvellerinden süretle yayılmağa başlayan ve Ümumdünya Sehiyye Teşkilatı terefinden pandemiya ve qlobal tehdid olaraq elan olunmuş COVID-19 virusu bütün dünyada müessise ve teşkilatları sosial ve iqtisadi tesirler neticesinde ferqli iş ve idareetme üsullarını tetbiq etmeye mecbur etmişdir. Bu deyişikliklerin esas meqsedi insanların sağlamlıqlarının tehlükesizliyinin temin edilmesi ve mövcud durumdan en az zererle çıxmaqdır. Bu istiqametde baş veren proseslerin heyata keçirilmesinde ise insan amili önemli rol oynayır. Buna göre de insan resurslarının idare edilmesi bu deyişikliklerin merkezinde yer almışdır. Bu da, baş vermiş bu deyişikliklere süretle uyğunlaşmaq ve pandemiya neticesinde yaranmış böhrana cavab vermek üçün insan resurslarının idare edilmesi sahesinde tetbiq edilen yeniliklerin effektivliyinin qiymetlendirilmesine zeruret yaradır. Tedqiqatın esas meqsedi pandemiya dövründe insan resurslarının idare edilmesi sahesinde mövcud yeniliklerden biri olan onlayn telimlerin effektivliyinin qiymetlendirilmesidir. Bu istiqametde onlayn telimlerin dünya tecrübesinde effektivliyi ve ehemiyyeti üzre edebiyyat araşdırması aparılmış, ölkemizde ise, müxtelif deyişenler üzre onlayn telimlerin effektivliyinin qiymetlendirilmesi üçün anket metodu ile 10-dan çox müessisenin 82 insan resursları mütexessisinden melumatlar elde edilmişdir. elde edilmiş melumatlar IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 proqramı vasitesile tehlil edilmişdir. elde edilmiş neticelere esasen onlayn telimlerin telim prosesine çekilen xerclerin azaldılması, daha çox işçinin telimlere celb edilmesi ve onların texniki bacarıqlarının artırılması baxımından effektiv olduğu melum olmuşdur.Alternate :The COVID-19 virus, which began to spread rapidly in early 2020 and was declared a pandemic and a global threat by the World Health Organization, has forced businesses and organizations around the world to adopt different ways of working and managing as a result of social and economic impacts. The main purpose of these changes is to ensure the safety of human health and to get out of the current situation with minimal damage. The human factor plays an important role in the implementation of processes in this direction. Therefore, human resource management has been at the center of these changes. This makes it necessary to assess the effectiveness of new practices in human resource management in order to adapt quickly to these changes and respond to the pandemic crisis. The main purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of online training, one of these practices in human resource management during the pandemic. In this regard, a literature review was conducted to define effectiveness and importance of online trainings in the world practice and in our country and information was obtained from 82 human resources specialists from more than 10 enterprises with survey method to assess the effectiveness of online trainings on several variables. The data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Based on the results, it was found that online trainings are effective in reducing the cost of the training process, attracting more employees to trainings and improving their technical skills.
ABSTRACT
COVÍD-19 pandemiyasının yayılması bir çox ölkalar kimi Azarbaycan iqtisadiyyatina ciddi tasir edib. Ölkamizdaki bir sıra sahalar qisman va yaxud tamamila mahdudlaşdırılıb, xarici safarlar va xarici ticarat alaqalari zaiflayib. Nazara almaq lazımdır ki, mahdudiyyatlarin naticasinda bazarda taxirasalınmış talab yaranıb va bu talabin hacmi kifayat qadar böyükdür. Vaziyyatdan istifada edarak daha faydalı takliflar hazırlamaq, daha mükammal bir infrastruktur yaratmaq lazımdır. Raqabata davam gatirmak üçün sektorda olan şirkatlar dayişan tal ablara çevik uyǧunlaşmalı, turizm sektorunda texnoloji layihalar va raqamsallaşma inkişaf etdirmalidilar. Tadqiqatın asas maqsadi turizm sahasinin mövcud şaraitda hansı şakilda idara olunmasını va bu sahanin hazırkı durumlarda neca iraliladiyini araşdırmaqdır. Tadqiqat üzra elmi işin araşdırılmasında bir neça metodlar - analiz, sintez, hamçinin iqtisadi-müqayisali tahlil, ümumilaşdirma, qrafik-statistik, induksiya - deduksiya metodlarından istifada edilmişdir. Tadqiqatın nazari va metodoloji asaslarını müxtalif internet resursları, elmi jurnallar, xarici va yerli kitablar, farqli dillarda yazılmış maqalalar, hamçinin Azarbaycan Resublikası qanunvericiliyidir. Aparılan tadqiqatda asas mahdudiyyat qisman metodoloji çatışmazlıqla baǧlı olmuşdur. Naticalarin nazari ahamiyyati Azarbaycanda regional turizm bazarının formalaşma xüsusiyyatlari geniş tahlil edilmasi va regional turizmin inkişafının tamin olunması istiqamatlari müayyanlaşdirilmasindadir. Tadqiqatın tacrübi ahamiyyati isa onun naticalarinin turizmin regionlarda idara edilmasi istiqamatinda istifada edilmasi ila baǧlıdır.Alternate :The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected the economy of Azerbaijan, as in many countries. A number of areas in our country have been partially or completely restricted, and foreign travel and foreign trade relations have weakened. It should be noted that as a result of the restrictions, there is a deferred demand in the market, and the volume of this demand is quite large. In this case, tourism companies that pursue a more flexible policy can win. To stay competitive, companies in the sector need to adapt quickly to changing demands, and develop technology projects and digitalization in the tourism sector. The main limitation in the study was partly due to methodological shortcomings. The main purpose of the research is to study how the tourism sector is managed in the current situation and how this field is progressing in the current situation. Several methods were used in the research of the research work - analysis, synthesis, as well as economic-comparative analysis, generalization, graph-statistical, inductiondeduction methods. The scientific novelty of the research is in determining the directions of revival and development of the tourism sector of Azerbaijan in the current pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Covid-19'un ürettiǧi risk algısı sonucunda tüketici davranışları deǧişti. Bu, pandemi boyunca müşteri davranışlarının nasıl deǧiştiǧini belirleme ve bu deǧişikliklerde Covid-19 risk algısının rolünü deǧerlendirme sorusunu gündeme getirdi. Bu çalışmanın amacı, pandemi sürecinde tüketici davranışlarının, özellikle marka ve deǧer bilincinin nasıl deǧiştiǧini tespit etmenin yanı sıra, bu deǧişimlerde Covid-19 risk algısının ne kadar etkili olduǧunu görmektir. Çalışma aynı zamanda kuşak kuşaǧının bu ilişkilerde moderatör rolünü belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada kolayda örnekleme ve anket metodolojileri uygulandı. Verilerin analizinde faktör ve yapısal denklik modellemesi yaklaşımları kullanılmıştır. Çeşitli bilimsel dergiler, araştırma makaleleri, kitaplar ve internet kaynakları kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kolayda örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemlerinin kullanılması, çalışmanın bulguları sunmadaki temel eksikliǧi olarak kabul edildi. Sonuç odaklı öneriler, şirketlerin pazarlama faaliyetlerinin uygulanmasında dikkat etmesi gereken noktaları yansıttı. Çalışmanın bulguları, her nesilden tüketiciye satış yapan giyim endüstrileri için pazarlama stratejileri oluşturmak ve uygulamak için kullanılabilir.Alternate :Consumer behavior changed as a result of the risk perception produced by Covid-19. This raised the question of identifying how customer behavior changed throughout the pandemic and assessing the role of Covid-19 risk perception in these changes. The purpose of this study is to identify how consumer behavior, especially brand and value consciousness has changed during the pandemic, as well as to see how effective the Covid-19 risk perception has been in these changes. The study also aims to determine the moderator role of the generational cohort in these relationships. The research implemented convenience sampling and survey methodologies. Factor and structural equivalence modeling approaches were used to analyze the data. Various scientific journals, research papers, books, and internet resources were used. The study's use of convenience sampling and snowball sample methods was considered the study's principal shortcoming in presenting the findings. The result-oriented recommendations reflected the points that companies should pay attention to in the implementation of their marketing activities. The findings of the study can be utilized to build and implement marketing strategies for clothing industries that sell to consumers of all generations.
ABSTRACT
Reqemsal bankçılıq pandemiyanın yayıldığı ve mehz banklara ehtiyac duyulduğu bir dövrde hem ölkeye, hemde ölke vetendaşlarına elverişli mühit yaradır. Mehz bu sebebden reqemsal bankçılığın inkişaf etdirilmesi ve bu sahede olan problemlerin helli dövrümüzün en aktual meselelerinden biridir. Meqalenin meqsediCOVÍD-19 pandemiyasının reqemsal bank xidmetlerine tesirini öyrenmekdir. Tedqiqat işinde analiz, sintez, qruplaşdırma, müqayise ve qrafik tedqiqat metodları kimi elmi metod ve üsullardan istifade edilmişdir. Meqalenin informasiya bazasınıAzerbaycan Respublikasının Merkezi Bankının ve kommersiya banklarının resmi saytlarında yerleşdirilmiş elektron melumatlar, Azerbaycan Dövlet Statistika Komitesinin statistik melumatları, o cümleden BVF ve Dünya Bankının hesabatları, deloittenin resmi melumatları, habele bu mövzuda yazılmış meqale ve derslikler teşkil edir. Covid-19 pandemiyası ile elaqedar praktiki olaraq materialların toplanmasında çetinlikler yaranmışdır. Bundan elave mövzu ile elaqedar yerli alimlerin araşdırmalarının ve Azerbaycan dilinde menbelerin azlığı da tedqiqatın mehdudiyyetleri kimi qebul edile biler. Tedqiqat işinin praktiki ehemiyyeti pandemiya şeraitinde reqemsal bankçılığın ehemiyyetinin esaslandırılması ile müeyyen olunur. Tedqiqatın işinin fundamental müddeaları ve neticeleri ölkenin bank sisteminin modernleşdirilmesi prosesinde istifade oluna biler.Alternate :Digital banking creates a favorable environment for both the country and its citizens at a time when the pandemic is spreading and banks are needed. That is why the development of digital banking and the solution of problems in this area is one of the most pressing issues of our time. The purpose of the thesis is to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on digital banking services. Scientific methods and techniques such as analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison and graphical research methods were used in the research work. The research database consists of electronic data posted on the official websites of the Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan and commercial banks, statistical data of the State Statistics Committee of Azerbaijan, including IMF and World Bank reports, official data of the Deloitte, as well as articles and textbooks. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, there were practical difficulties in collecting materials. In addition, the lack of research by local scholars on the subject and the lack of sources in the Azerbaijani language can also be seen as a limitation of research.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 pandemiyasının sabab olduǧu tahsil kasilmasinin öyranmaya na qadar tasir edacayi sualı aktualdır. Distant tahsilin müxtalif tatbiq formaları mövcuddur va bunlar arasında daha çox onlayn tahsil növlarinin tez-tez tatbiq olunduǧu görünür. Pandemiyadan an çox tasirlanan sahalar arasında tahsilin üstünlük taşkil etmasi tadqiqat mövzusunu öyranilmasi üçün aktual edir. Tahsil va pandemiyanın yaratdıǧı tasirlarin tadqiq müxtalif yerli va xarici tadqiqatçılar tarafından araşdırılmışdır. Tadqiqatlar müxtalif ölkalarin tahsil sistemini ahata edir. Lakin, son illardaki araşdırmalarda Azarbaycanda tahsil sistemi va pandemiyanın yaratdıǧı tasirlarin qarşılıqlı alaqasi araşdırılmamışdır. Pandemiyanın son 2 ilda hayatımıza daxil olması bunu açıqlayır. Pandemiya dövründa Azarbaycanda distant tahsilin taşkilinda qarşılaşılan problemlarin öyranilmasi maqsadi daşıyır Tadqiqat zamanı sorǧu metodundan istifada edilmişdir. Sorǧuda tahsil xidmatlarindan istifada edan şagirdlar, talabalar, müallimlar va elaca da valideynlar iştirak etmişdirlar. Tadqiqat mövzusu pandemiya dövründa aktuallıq qazandıǧı üçün tadqiqatın informasiya bazası olaraq asasan internet resurslarına üstünlük verilmişdir. Tadqiqat asasında COVID-19 pandemiyasının tahsil sahasina, elaca da insanların tahsil hayatına neca tasir etdiyi, hansı boşluqların olduǧu ortaya qoyulmuşdur.Alternate :The question of how the decline in education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will affect learning is important. There are various forms of distance education and more and more types of online education are used. The predominance of education among the areas most affected by the pandemic makes it appropriate to examine the research topic. However, recent studies have not examined the relationship between the education system in Azerbaijan and the effects of the pandemic. The fact that the epidemic has entered our lives in the last two years explains this. It aims to study the problems encountered in the organization of distance education in Azerbaijan during the pandemic. Questionnaire method was used during the research. The survey included students, students, teachers and parents using educational services. Due to the relevance of the research topic during the pandemic process, internet resources were preferred as the research database. Pandemic conditions are a major limitation of research. Also, the financial cost of conducting surveys is one of the main constraints. The study revealed how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected education and people's education lives, and what gaps there are.